李清照《声声慢》教学设计

李清照《声声慢》教学设计

一代词人有旧居,半生漂泊憾何如。

冷清今日成轰烈,传诵千古是著书。

                            ——李清照《声声慢》教学设计

【教学对象分析】学生在初中已经学过李清照前期的代表作,如《如梦令》、《一剪梅》等,也接触过其它抒写“愁绪”的作品,可以让学生展开联想,进行比较,更好地体会李清照词的妙处。

【教材分析】本词是李清照后期的代表作,被后人誉为“千古绝唱”。在这首词中,作者的情绪虽然比较低沉,但却显示了她过人的艺术才华。词围绕“愁”展开,运用各种各样的手法来加强愁绪的渲染。

【教学目标】

1.认知目标  了解李清照后期的人生际遇对其词作风格的影响,体会其前后期作品的不同风格。

2.技能目标  学习李清照是如何写愁的,学会抓住诗歌意象去品味诗歌情感。

3.情感目标  体会李清照夫亡家破、饱经忧患和乱离的哀愁,感悟李清照坚韧、孤高的灵魂。

【教学重难点】

1.深入研读诗歌,抓住意象,体验愁情,渗透对学生诗歌诵读的指导。

2.让学生由词及人,突破文本的显性层面,进入到词人苦闷、复杂的精神世界,感悟词作愁的深刻意蕴和李清照孤高的灵魂。

【教学方法】诵读品悟法、情感体验法、探究学习法

【教学媒体】多媒体

【教学课时】一课时

【教学步骤】

一、课前预习

    熟读《声声慢》这首词,回顾李清照的生平事迹和所学的其前期的作品。

二、课前五分钟

    播放安雯演唱的《月满西楼》mtv(这首歌化用了李清照前期的词作——《一剪梅》)至上课,意在激发学生兴趣,营造诗情画意气氛,让生更易融入到词的意境当中。

三、课文导入——复习背诵<醉花阴>,引入新课。

四、出示教学目标

五、复习回顾李清照相关背景

六、整体感知    

(一)诵读

(二)赏意象  品愁情     同学们都知道,中国古典诗词主要是通过意象来传情达意。什么是意象呢,就是融入了作者主观感情的物象。清照在写作愁情的时候,同样是借助一些意象来抒写。所以,下面我们就一起来赏意象,品愁情。

1、清照在词中选取了哪些意象?(请一位同学配乐朗读,其他同学勾画出意象)

(学生:淡酒  晚风   孤雁   黄花   梧桐   细雨)

2、这些意象是如何表现出愁情的呢?——意象探究(学生自主合作探究)

3、①小组交流探讨(前后四个人为一小组)

   ②集体探讨(小组代表发言)

探讨明确:

     并非酒太淡,而是愁太浓,酒力压不住心愁。

     风急天高猿啸哀,渚清沙百鸟飞回。 ——杜甫   渲染愁情

     象征悼亡之悲、怀乡之思

黄花   喻憔悴的容颜  孤苦飘零的晚境

梧桐   一叶知秋      牵愁惹恨

细雨   雨滴梧桐  却敲碎人心  哀伤﹑愁丝的象征

注意:1、古典诗词中传统的意象有着特定的内涵。

酒:愁文化    风:渲染愁情   雁:怀乡之思  音信之盼

黄花:憔悴的容颜   梧桐:牵愁惹恨  雨:哀伤愁丝

      2、总结本词的意象、意境和情感。

 (三)为何生愁

    当清照沉浸在这种冷清凄美的意境中不能自拔之时,她发出了绝望地呼告:“这次第,怎一个愁字了得?”的确,“这次第,怎一个愁字了得。”此时此地,此情此景,已经不单单是一个“愁”字可以概括得了的。让我们突破诗词的显性层面,进入到作者苦闷,复杂的心灵,看看作者为何而生愁?到底命运在清照身上刻下了哪些烙印呢,让时间老人来告诉我们答案吧!

1127年:金灭北宋,夫妇所存的十余屋金石书画在战火中焚为灰烬。

1129年:赵明诚孤身赴任,身染重病,八月十八日去世。

1132年夏:再嫁张汝舟,可惜遇人不淑,9月提出诉讼,与张汝舟离婚。被判刑两年。

1151-1156年:李清照没有子嗣,凄然一身,悲苦地离开人世。无人知道死于何时,葬于何处。

祸不单行  孤苦飘零

由亡国到丧失,由再嫁到离异,由入狱到悲死,可谓祸不单行、孤苦飘零呀。晚景凄凉,没有子嗣的清照就这么去了,带着一腔悲愤,悄无声息的去了,无人知道她死于何时,葬于何地。连最公正的时间老人也没有记录。

了解这些史实之后,你能更深刻地理解李清照的愁了吧?到底《声声慢》中的愁是一种什么样的愁呢?

明确:情愁--独居之寂寞

      家愁--丧夫之哀

      国愁--亡国之恨

    比起清照前期代表作《一剪梅》中的相思闲愁,这份愁又多了多少深刻的内涵呀。

七、写作练习——我为清照写碑文

作为一个女人,李清照何其不幸;作为一个诗人,她又何其伟大。苦难不停地擦试着李清照的艺术灵魂,这些经历像重物一样压在她生命的弹簧上,但它们不能压垮李清照,相反,苦难越重,艺术的灵魂飞得越高。虽然我们不知道她死于何时,葬于何地。但我相信,她已在我们每个人的心目中留下了一座丰碑,只是这碑上还缺少碑文。这碑文就交给同学们来写吧。

八、结束语

最后,让我们齐声背诵《声声慢》,在诵读声中送别清照,向清照坚韧、孤傲的灵魂致敬!

九、  板书设计

    淡酒 晚风 过雁         这次第,怎一个愁字了得?

黄花 梧桐 细雨

意象(景)             愁(情)

十、教学反思

 

第二篇:李清照 声声慢

声声慢 李清照

寻寻觅觅,冷冷清清,凄凄惨惨戚戚。

乍暖还寒时候,最难将息。

三杯两盏淡酒,怎敌他、晚来风急?

雁过也,正伤心、却是旧时相识。

满地黄花堆积,憔悴损、而今有谁堪摘?

守着窗儿,独自怎生得黑?

梧桐更兼细雨,到黄昏、点点滴滴。

这次第,怎一个愁字了得!

李清照(1084-?)号易安居士,济南(今属山东)人。幼有才藻,十八岁适金石家赵 明诚,夫妇感情甚笃。南渡后,赵明诚病故,她颠沛流离于江浙皖赣一带,在 孤寂中度过晚年。她工诗能文,诗尤为宋代大家,前期词多写闺情相思,后期 词融入家国之恨与身世之感,风格顿变。她兼擅令慢,每能创意出奇,以经过 提炼的口语表达其独特真切的感受,形成辛弃疾所称道的“易安体”。李清照是宋代著名的女词人,婉约派的代表人物,《声声慢》为其后期的一首名作,历来为人所推崇。《历朝名媛诗词》云:“玩其笔力,本自矫拔,词家少有,庶几苏、辛之亚。”《花草新编》曰“超然笔墨蹊径之外。岂独闺韩,士林中不多见也。”声声慢之英译文虽亦时有所见,其中却以徐忠杰、林语堂、杨宪益夫妇和许渊冲 (以下简称徐、林、杨、许)的译文尤具代表性。本文旨在对四大名家的四种译文进行比较欣赏的同时,能对同好在中诗 (词)英译的创造性工作时有所助益。

徐中杰译本:

I've a sense of something missing I must seek. Everything about me looks dismal and bleak. Nothing that gives me pleasure, I can find.

Even the weather has proved most unkind. It is warm, but abruptly it turns cold again.

An unbroken rest most difficult to. obtain.

Three cups of thin wine would utterly fail.

To cope with the rising evening gale.

Myself, into woe, a flight of wild geese has thrown. But with them, very familiar I have grown.

About the ground, cluysandiernums are bestrewn. Gathering into heaps--bruised---withering soon. With myself in utter misery and gloom,

Who cares to save them from their approaching doom? Standing by the window-watching in anguish stark, Could I bear alone the sight until it is dark?

Against the tung and plane trees, the wind rises high. The drizzle becomes trickles, as even draws nigh. How, in the word "Miserable", can one find-

The total effects of all these on the mind!

林语堂译本:

So dim, so dark, So dense, so dull, So damp, sodank, So dead!

The weather, now warm, now cold, Makes it harder .Than ever to forget!

How can a few cups of thin wine/Bring warmth against .The chilly winds of sunset?

I recognize the geese flying overhead: My old friends, Bring not the old memories back! Let fallen flowers lie where they fall. To what purpose .And for whom should 1 decorate? By the window shut, Guarding it alone, To see the sky has turned so black!

And the drizzle on the kola nut. Keeps on droning: Pit-a-pat, pit-a-pat!

Is this the kind of mood and moment. To be expressed By one word "sad"?

杨宪益夫妇译本:

Seeking, seeking, Chilly and quiet, Desolate, painful and miserable.

Even when it's warmer there is still a chill It is most difficult to keep well.

Three or two cups of light wine, How can they ward off the strong?

Wild geese fly past, while I'm broken-hearted; ButI recoze they are my old friends.

Fallen chrysanthemums piled up on the ground,So withered,Who would pluck them up now?

Leaning on the window, How can I pass the time till night alone?

The drizzle falls on the wutong trees, Raindrops drip down at dusk.

At a time like this, What immense sorrow I must bear!

许渊冲译本:

I look for what I miss; I know not what it is. I feel so sad, so drear, So lonely, without cheer. How hard is it To keep me fit In this lingering cold!

By cup on cup Of wine so dry Oh, how could I Endure at dusk the drift Of wind so swift?

It breaks my heart, alas, To see the wild geese pass, For they are my acquaintances of old.

The ground is covered with yellow flowers, Fadedand fallen in showers.

Who will pick them up now?

Sitting alone at the window, how Could I but quicken The pace of darkness that won't thicken?

On plane's broad leaves a fine rain drizzles As twilight grizzles.

Oh, what can I do with a grief Beyond belief!

Sheng Sheng Man

Li Qingzhao 翻译:张智勇

With anxiety what can I find?

Sadness, solitude and suffering is in behind.

Cozy warmth is what I expect,

Bitter coldness is what I have to accept,

Difficult to be at ease and rest.

Wines of yesterday evening,

Can not keep me warm this morning,

From the wind which is blowing.

Above my head geese are passing, When my sadness is increasing, Recalling how they were flying.

Flowers have fallen down,

And the beauty is gone,

No one cares what is on the ground.

Alone by the window, the day is very long.

Till eventide, the rain has been drizzling, From the tree leaves, water is dripping. In short, the situation is really very tough,

To describe it, one word, worry, is not enough.

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