教你如何写英语论文提纲范文

教你如何写英语论文提纲范文

2011-09-30 12:23:26 来源: 作者: 浏览:157 次

摘 要

厄内斯特.海明威(1899---1961)是美国二十世纪著名作家,在世界文坛上,他享有很高的声誉。《老人与海》是海明威与晚年证明自己创作实力的杰作,并且充分体现了他的人生哲学,它也是美国价值的精髓。

本论文主要是通过对桑提亚哥这个人物形象的分析来展开的。通过对海明威所处的社会环境和其人生经历的研究,说明了海明威的人生哲学形成的背景。并进一步通过桑提亚哥与大海、鲨鱼和小男孩之间的关系来反映海明威的人生哲学。小男孩代表着人类的精神的生生不息,大海则象征着险恶与多变的环境,面对浩瀚的大海,桑提亚哥所表现出的态度,他充分表现了人类的一种精神,敢于同大自然、恶劣的环境和多桀的命运作斗争的精神,充分展现了人的智慧、刚毅与坚忍。不仅是歌颂一种“硬汉”精神,它有着更加深层的涵义,它深刻地反映了作者的人生哲学和生活观,即:在残酷的社会现实和命运之中,人应该勇敢地面对一切痛苦和磨难,并同一切痛苦和磨难进行斗争,热爱生活,珍惜生命。人生的意义既不在于“成功”,也不在于“失败”,而在于斗争,勇于同残酷的社会现实和冷漠无情的命运进行抗争,这才是真正地热爱生活、珍惜生命。

关键词:海明威; 老人与海; 人生哲学; 硬汉精神;抗争;奋斗

Abstract

Ernest Hemingway(1899-1961)is a famous writer in American in the 20th century. Hemingway’s philosophy of life has a profound influence on modern American values. At the same time, it has extensive significance on the whole world; you will learn how to adopt a correct attitude towards failure, and how to struggle in adversity. His “code hero”---- Santiago is a guide to all human beings. He represents the spirit of the time. And the novel The Old Man and the Sea has brought luster to the realistic literature.

Among his books ,The Old Man and the Sea(1952)is the most famous one. The works made Hemingway win the Nobel Prize in 1954.And the main character-Santiago becomes the typical“code hero”in literature. The work aroused interest of many readers, and many critics have made comments on it. But these comments from critics mostly talk about his“code hero”and “lost generation”. In fact, the work deeply reveals Hemingway’s philosophy of life and life attitude.

This thesis intends to reach a thorough understanding of Hemingway’s philosophy of life through the novel The Old Man and the Sea: when facing the cruel social reality and miserable fate, man should be brave and struggle with all the pains and sufferings, loving life and treasuring life. The

story of the old man –Santiago just reflects Hemingway’s philosophy of life. The thesis had a research in Hemingway’s life experience and literary career which develop his attitude towards life. And there also are the relationships between Santiago and the fish, between the sea and Manolin to reflect his philosophy of life. The boy Manolin indicates the continuity of human life and the inheritance of human knowledge from generation to generation. And the sea stands for the competing society. His fighting against the marlin and later sharks shows his struggling spirit. It also reflects Hemingway’s philosophy of life: the meaning of life neither lays in the “success”, nor in the “failure”, but in the struggle itself.

Key words: Hemingway; The Old Man and the Sea; philosophy of life; code hero; struggle

Contents

Introduction 1

1. The Background Information. 3

1.1 The Social and Cultural Background 3

1.1.1 The American Society of That Time 3

1.1.2 The literary Trends and Ideology of That Time 4

2. A Critical Account of Hemingway’s Life Experience 5

2.1 A Critical Account of Hemingway’s Life experiences and

Literary Career 5

2.2 Hemingway and the “Lost Generation” 8

3. Hemingway’s Philosophy of Life Reflected by the Novel 9

3.1 Reflected by the Old Man---Santiago 9

3.2 Reflected by Santiago and Manolin 11

3.3 Reflected by Santiago and the Fish 12

3.4 Reflected by Santiago and the Whole 14

3.5“Code Hero” in Hemingway’s Works 15

3.5.1 The Origin and the Development of the Concept of the “Code Hero” 15

3.5.2 Why did Hemingway Create the “Code Hero” 17

3.5.3 The Code Hero and His Features 18

Conclusion 21

 

第二篇:英语论文提纲范文

英语论文提纲范文作者:580202论文检测一.关于本专业毕业论文的选题英语专业本科生毕业论文选题可以在三个大的方向中进行,即英语文学,语言学和翻译学。各个大方向中又可以选择小的方向,具体解释如下:1.英语文学:选择英语文学的毕业论文选题可以从三个方向进行:国别文学研究、文学批评理论研究和比较文学研究。在进行国别文学研究选题时,一般选取英国文学或美国文学中的某一经典作家(如海明威),某一经典作品(如《双城记》),某一写作手法(如象征手法的运用)或某一文学思潮(如浪漫主义运动)作深入研究。但在选择作家或作品时最好选择在文学史上作为经典的作家或作品。有个别流行作家或作品极富盛名,容易引起学生的兴趣,如《飘》或《荆棘鸟》,学生有强烈愿望选择它们作为研究对象。在不可避免上述情况时,应该尽可能地挖掘作品内在的深刻含义,不能流于肤浅的分析。文学批评理论的选题一般不太适合英语专业本科生,因为该理论知识的学习在英语专业研究生阶段,本科生一般不具备文学批评理论的知识结构。这个方向的选题可以有关某一文学批评理论,一文学批评术语的阐释或某两种或以上的文学批评理论的比较。比较文学研究就是将两个以上的作家或作品进行比较。这两个作品或作家可以是同一国别的(如“雪莱与拜伦的诗歌比较”),也可以是不同国别的(如《牡丹亭》与《罗密欧与朱丽叶》)2.语言学:选择语言学的毕业论文选题可以在两个大的方向进行:普通语言学和应用语言学。知网CNKI论文检测系统万方相似度论文查重维普数据库期刊发表职称普通语言学的研究就是对于英语语言的任何一个方面的研究,如对一种词性、或一种时态、或拼写、语调等等方面的研究(如“一般现在时及其交际功能”)。应用语言学包括教学法的研究和其它一些新兴的应用语言学分支的研究。师范专业或本身从事教师职业的学生选择教学法方向的较多。在这个方向选题,也要避免过大范围的选题,而应对一个具体问题进行研究,最重要的是要结合教学实践或实验。这个方向的好的选题有:“个性与英语教学”,“方言对英语学习的影响”等。3.翻译学:翻译学的选题一般可以在两个方向上进行:翻译理论以及翻译活动。对翻译理论的研究就是探讨某一种翻译理论等等。相比之下,对翻译活动的研究更多一些,这些选题可以是对一种语言现象的翻译、或一种修辞格的翻译的研究(如“汉语成语的英译”)。应该注意的是,在对翻译活动作研究时,往往需要某种翻译理论支撑,总结

规律,并对这一活动作出评价,要避免仅仅时例子的罗列。

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